The ASO test is primarily ordered by itself or along with an anti-DNase B to help determine whether a person has had a recent streptococcal infection. In most cases, strep infections are identified and treated with antibiotics and the infections resolve. In cases where they do not cause identifiable symptoms and/or go untreated, however, post-streptococcal complications (sequelae), namely rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis, can develop in some patients, especially young children. The test, therefore, is ordered if a person presents with symptoms suggesting rheumatic fever or glomerulonephritis and has had a recent history of sore throat or a confirmed streptococcal infection. Since the incidence of post-streptococcal complications has dropped in the U.S., so has the use of the ASO test.
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